In the field of private international law, respect for human rights has started to be considered as crucial and strictly related to the exception of public policy (ordre public) that can be invoked to deny the applicability of a foreign provision or the recognition and execution of a foreign decision in case they seem to be incon- sistent with the fundamental values codified in the European Convention on Human Rights. Thus, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) can have an impact on the approach followed by national judges when applying private international law rules and play a role in shaping the extent of the exception of public order, that cannot be intended as purely national-oriented, in isolation from the human right standards at the European level. The approach followed in the field of judicial cooperation in civil matters by the EU institutions – especially the EU Court of Justice – seems to be consistent with the ECHR case law. Though sometimes the need to ensure the proper functio- ning of the internal market seems to raise doubts as to the place of human rights as regards conflict of laws and jurisdiction, main principles such as due process and access to justice have always been considered as having a pre-eminent role. The enactment of the Charter of the economic duties and rights of the European Union will open the way towards a better placement also for non-EU citizens. However, some questions relating to the need for better coordination between ECHR and EU Court are still open: the EU adhesion to the ECHR could be a significant step in that direction.
Nel campo del diritto internazionale privato, il rispetto dei diritti umani ha assunto un ruolo cruciale e strettamente correlato all’ordine pubblico, che può essere invocato per escludere l’applicabilità di una norma straniera o il suo riconoscimento ed esecuzione se in contrasto con i fondamentali valori codifi- cati nella Convenzione europea sui diritti dell’Uomo (CEDU). In tal senso, la Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo (Corte EDU) può certamente influire sugli orientamenti dei giudici nazionali in sede di applicazione del diritto internazionale privato e contribuire a rimodellare la stessa nozione di ordine pubblico, che non può essere considerato soltanto con riferimento alla sfera giuridica interna allo Stato, ma anche tenendo conto degli standard garantiti a livello europeo. Il metodo seguito nel campo della cooperazione giudiziaria in materia civile dalle istituzioni dell’UE – specialmente la Corte di giustizia – sembra in sintonia con la prassi della Corte EDU. Anche se talvolta le esigenze connesse al buon funzionamento del mercato interno sembrano in qualche modo circoscrivere la rilevanza dei diritti umani nel campo dei conflitti di leggi e della competenza giurisdizionale, si riscontra tuttavia che la Corte di giustizia UE ha sempre dato grande rilievo ad alcuni principi fondamentali, quali il giusto processo e l’acces- so alla giustizia. L’entrata in vigore della Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’UE consente di ampliare la tutela anche a persone prive della cittadinanza europea. Rimangono da risolvere alcuni problemi di coordinamento tra Corte di giustizia UE e Corte EDU: l’adesione dell’UE alla CEDU consentirebbe di realizzare un progresso in quella direzione.
DI BLASE, A. (2014). Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo e Diritto internazionale privato dell'Unione europea- European Court of Human Rights and Private International Law of the European Union. In ANTONIETTA DI BLASE (presentazione in lingua italiana e in lingua inglese) (a cura di), CONVENZIONI SUI DIRITTI UMANI E CORTI NAZIONALI-INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CONVENTIONS AND NATIONAL COURTS (pp. 207-231). ROMA : Roma-TrE-PRESS.
Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo e Diritto internazionale privato dell'Unione europea- European Court of Human Rights and Private International Law of the European Union
DI BLASE, Antonietta
2014-01-01
Abstract
In the field of private international law, respect for human rights has started to be considered as crucial and strictly related to the exception of public policy (ordre public) that can be invoked to deny the applicability of a foreign provision or the recognition and execution of a foreign decision in case they seem to be incon- sistent with the fundamental values codified in the European Convention on Human Rights. Thus, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) can have an impact on the approach followed by national judges when applying private international law rules and play a role in shaping the extent of the exception of public order, that cannot be intended as purely national-oriented, in isolation from the human right standards at the European level. The approach followed in the field of judicial cooperation in civil matters by the EU institutions – especially the EU Court of Justice – seems to be consistent with the ECHR case law. Though sometimes the need to ensure the proper functio- ning of the internal market seems to raise doubts as to the place of human rights as regards conflict of laws and jurisdiction, main principles such as due process and access to justice have always been considered as having a pre-eminent role. The enactment of the Charter of the economic duties and rights of the European Union will open the way towards a better placement also for non-EU citizens. However, some questions relating to the need for better coordination between ECHR and EU Court are still open: the EU adhesion to the ECHR could be a significant step in that direction.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.