Fra i drammi shakespeariani 'The Winter’s Tale' è famoso per essere un caso patologico di gelosia ingiustificata. Gli spettatori hanno avuto appena il tempo di conoscere i protagonisti – Leonte, il re di Sicilia, sua moglie Ermione e il loro ospite Polissene, re di Boemia – che subito sono lasciati soli con un Leonte soliloquante alle prese con le sue folli elucubrazioni di marito tradito. Poggiando sulla teoria umorale dei corpi early modern, il saggio esamina il modo in cui la fantasia isterica si fa strada nel corpo del re coinvolgendo in prima istanza gli occhi, un organo tanto più paranoicamente invocato quanto più mancante di una prova tangibile. Ciò che isola il protagonista in una allucinatoria messinscena del sé. Il saggio rapporta, in modo finora inesplorato, l’’errore’ visivo di Leonte alle fiorenti indagini scientifiche riguardanti la fisiologia e le patologie dell’occhio alla fine del Cinquecento, indagini che trovano la loro sintesi più efficace negli studi di Keplero nei primissimi anni del Seicento. Il saggio esamina anche il modo in cui il corpo femminile (ancorché innocente) alimenta la patologia visiva di Leonte con tratti rapportabili alle arti visive del tardo Rinascimento italiano.
Just before Polixenes, the King of Bohemia, flees with Camillo from Leontes’s homicidal jealousy, Polixenes asks: ‘How should this grow?’. Camillo, Leontes’s cupbearer, answers: ‘I know not: but I am sure ‘tis safer to / Avoid what’s grown than question how ’tis born’ (1.2. 431–33). As if invested with the role of driving forward the action of the play, Camillo seems to dismiss the fundamental relevance of the question by confusing the process of Leontes’s folly with its origins. For, unaware as he may be, what has been staged until then, and what we are called to observe in most of the play, is primarily a physiology, or rather a pathology; the how of the hysterical fantasy working its way through the king’s body, as if independent of its cause. Tellingly, in revising his source (Greene’s Pandosto), Shakespeare subtly constructed Hermione’s adultery as a non-existing cause, or more precisely as a ‘touched conjecture’, in Leontes’s words, ‘that lack’d sight only, nought for approbation / But only seeing’ (2.1.177–78). This ‘cause’ remains without ocular or testimonial proof throughout the play, and yet it is maniacally substantiated by Leontes, through repeatedly invoked acts of seeing. Focusing on Leontes’s solo performances which take immediate centre-stage in the first act of The Winter’s Tale, I first relate his error of vision to a physiology of the self and to contemporary discoveries concerning the eye and the nature of sight. I then consider the extent to which Leontes’s hallucinatory quasi-soliloquies epitomize a disempowered proto-baroque staging of the self. Drawing on unexplored connections with Renaissance visual arts, I also speculate on the way in which the female body of Hermione visually influences the king’s disturbed perspective.
DEL SAPIO, M. (2010). “A Spider in the Eye/I: The Hallucinatory Staging of the Self in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale". In U. BERNS (a cura di), Solo Performances. Staging the Early Modern Self in England, Amsterdam/New York, Rodopi, 2010, (pp. 133-155). AMSTERDAM-NEW YORK : Rodopi.
“A Spider in the Eye/I: The Hallucinatory Staging of the Self in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale"
DEL SAPIO, Maria
2010-01-01
Abstract
Just before Polixenes, the King of Bohemia, flees with Camillo from Leontes’s homicidal jealousy, Polixenes asks: ‘How should this grow?’. Camillo, Leontes’s cupbearer, answers: ‘I know not: but I am sure ‘tis safer to / Avoid what’s grown than question how ’tis born’ (1.2. 431–33). As if invested with the role of driving forward the action of the play, Camillo seems to dismiss the fundamental relevance of the question by confusing the process of Leontes’s folly with its origins. For, unaware as he may be, what has been staged until then, and what we are called to observe in most of the play, is primarily a physiology, or rather a pathology; the how of the hysterical fantasy working its way through the king’s body, as if independent of its cause. Tellingly, in revising his source (Greene’s Pandosto), Shakespeare subtly constructed Hermione’s adultery as a non-existing cause, or more precisely as a ‘touched conjecture’, in Leontes’s words, ‘that lack’d sight only, nought for approbation / But only seeing’ (2.1.177–78). This ‘cause’ remains without ocular or testimonial proof throughout the play, and yet it is maniacally substantiated by Leontes, through repeatedly invoked acts of seeing. Focusing on Leontes’s solo performances which take immediate centre-stage in the first act of The Winter’s Tale, I first relate his error of vision to a physiology of the self and to contemporary discoveries concerning the eye and the nature of sight. I then consider the extent to which Leontes’s hallucinatory quasi-soliloquies epitomize a disempowered proto-baroque staging of the self. Drawing on unexplored connections with Renaissance visual arts, I also speculate on the way in which the female body of Hermione visually influences the king’s disturbed perspective.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.