In condizioni di stress, ottenuto sul campo o indotto sperimentalmente, si verificano dei cambiamenti nella natura e nell’intensità dei processi affettivi (emozioni, motivazioni). Cambiamenti opposti simmetrici avvengono in condizioni di comfort. Una delle prime procedure per determinare gli stati di stress temporaneo consiste nella somministrazione di difficili compiti di logica (15 minuti), con feedback erronei o ambigui e pressione sociale. Ad esempio, alcune Matrici di Raven molto difficili, sono state proposte individualmente ai partecipanti. I primi due autori hanno poi trovato un'altra procedura ugualmente efficace e ancor più vantaggiosa per alcuni aspetti: la "rievocazione disegnata" di esperienze personali stressanti. I trattamenti di comfort corrispondenti sono, in primo luogo, una sessione di rilassamento progressivo in penombra, oppure, nel secondo caso, la "rievocazione disegnata" di personali esperienze piacevoli e positive. Per valutare i cambiamenti emotivi, abbiamo preparato scale bipolari a sette passi centrate sulle emozioni principali. Per quanto riguarda le motivazioni, abbiamo usato una lista di nove sistemi motivazionali (Bonaiuto, 1967). L'intero insieme di item costituivano la cosiddetta Scala di auto-valutazione, somministrata prima e dopo un trattamento specifico, ottenendo così una misura attraverso le differenze tra le due valutazioni successive. Analisi fattoriali sono state condotte per la selezione dei principali fattori emozionali e motivazionali. Sono stati studiati e misurati anche riverberi affettivi sui processi cognitivi.
Under stress conditions, obtained in the field or experimentally induced, changes occur in the nature and intensity of affective processes (emotions, motivations). Symmetrical changes occur under opposite (comfort) conditions. One of the first procedures for determining temporary stress states consists of administering difficult logical tasks (15 minutes), with erroneous or ambiguous feedback and social pressure. For example, some very difficult Raven Matrices were individually assigned to participants. The first two authors later found another procedure equally effective and even more advantageous for certain aspects: the “Drawing Recollection” of personal stressful experiences. The corresponding comfort treatments are, firstly, a progressive relaxation session in penumbra; or, in a second case, the “drawing recollection” of personal pleasant and positive experiences. To assess the emotional changes, we prepared seven-point bipolar scales centering on the main opposing emotions. As regards motivations, we used a list of nine motivational systems (Bonaiuto, 1967). The whole set of items made up the so-called Self-Appraisal Scales, administered before and after a specific treatment, thereby obtaining a measure through the differences between the two successive assessments. Factor analyses were conducted for selecting the main emotional and motivational factors. Affective reverberations on cognitive processes were also studied and measured.
Biasci, V., Bonaiuto, P., Giannini, A.M. (2010). Measures of emotional and motivational processes activated by stress or comfort conditions. In Y.G. Yuri Chugui (a cura di), Measurement Technology and Intelligence Instruments IX (pp. 540-544). Stafa-Zurich : Trans Tech Publications [10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.437.540].
Measures of emotional and motivational processes activated by stress or comfort conditions
BIASCI, Valeria;
2010-01-01
Abstract
Under stress conditions, obtained in the field or experimentally induced, changes occur in the nature and intensity of affective processes (emotions, motivations). Symmetrical changes occur under opposite (comfort) conditions. One of the first procedures for determining temporary stress states consists of administering difficult logical tasks (15 minutes), with erroneous or ambiguous feedback and social pressure. For example, some very difficult Raven Matrices were individually assigned to participants. The first two authors later found another procedure equally effective and even more advantageous for certain aspects: the “Drawing Recollection” of personal stressful experiences. The corresponding comfort treatments are, firstly, a progressive relaxation session in penumbra; or, in a second case, the “drawing recollection” of personal pleasant and positive experiences. To assess the emotional changes, we prepared seven-point bipolar scales centering on the main opposing emotions. As regards motivations, we used a list of nine motivational systems (Bonaiuto, 1967). The whole set of items made up the so-called Self-Appraisal Scales, administered before and after a specific treatment, thereby obtaining a measure through the differences between the two successive assessments. Factor analyses were conducted for selecting the main emotional and motivational factors. Affective reverberations on cognitive processes were also studied and measured.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.