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Impact of black carbon aerosol over Italian basin valleys: High-resolution measurements along vertical profiles, radiative forcing and heating rate

A systematic study of black carbon (BC) vertical profiles measured at high-resolution over three Italian basin valleys (Terni Valley, Po Valley and Passiria Valley) is presented. BC vertical profiles are scarcely available in literature. The campaign lasted 45 days and resulted in 120 measured vertical profiles. Besides the BC mass concentration, measurements along the vertical profiles also included aerosol size distributions in the optical particle counter range, chemical analysis of filter...

Seasonal river discharge forecasting using support vector regression: A case study in the Italian Alps

In this contribution we analyze the performance of a monthly river discharge forecasting model with a Support Vector Regression (SVR) technique in a European alpine area. We considered as predictors the discharges of the antecedent months, snow-covered area (SCA), and meteorological and climatic variables for 14 catchments in South Tyrol (Northern Italy), as well as the long-term average discharge of the month of prediction, also regarded as a benchmark. Forecasts at a six-month lead time ten...

The HelioMont method for assessing solar irradiance over complex terrain: Validation and improvements

This study evaluates the suitability of the method HelioMont, developed by MeteoSwiss, for estimating solar radiation from geostationary satellite data over the Alpine region. The algorithm accounts for the influence of topography, clouds, snow cover and the atmosphere on incoming solar radiation. The main error sources are investigated for both direct and diffuse solar radiation components by comparison with ground-based measurement taken at three sites, namely Bolzano (IT), Davos (CH) and P...

GPS radio occultation sounding to support general circulation models

An assessment of the suitability of the horizontal and vertical resolution of GPS radio occultation measurements for climate studies is carried out. Simple physical relations are used to estimate the consistency between horizontal and vertical resolutions of radio occultation measurements as compared with those of the existing observing systems. In particular, the horizontal scale of the upper troposphere water vapour is investigated by analysing the variability of the refractivity index usin...

Critical data source; Tool or even infrastructure? Challenges of geographic information systems and remote sensing for disaster risk governance

Disaster risk information is spatial in nature and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) play an important key role by the services they provide to society. In this context, to risk management and governance, in general, and to civil protection, specifically (termed differently in many countries, and includes, for instance: civil contingencies in the UK, homeland security in the USA, disaster risk reduction at the UN level). The main impetus of this article is to summar...

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