A model of the Plio-Pleistocene evolution of the northern Calabria Peri-ionian sector, between Corigliano and Capo Trionto, is proposed on the basis of morphological and sedimentary analysis. The main morphological features are gently undulated surfaces on the Sila Massif summits, five orders of fluvial terraces (Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4, and Qt5) located in the watersheds of the hilly coastal belt, and structural scarps of a NW-SE trending extensional fault system, which separates the Sila Massif from the hilly coastal belt. The northern slope of the Sila Massif is underlain by outcrops of Paleozoic granite and schist, whereas the coastal belt to the North is underlain by upper Pliocene–lower Pleistocene sand, clay and conglomerate. These sediments are unconformably overlain by middle and upper Pleistocene conglomerate and sand deposits. Sedimentary features suggest that the middle and upper Pleistocene sediments were deposited in a fan–delta and alluvial plain environment. These deposits are associated with five orders of terraces thought to be coincident with climatic/eustatic changes responsible for cyclic occurrence of stream aggradation/incision and marine erosion. Rock uplift and subsequent incision produces the accommodation space to preserve these deposits. Correlating the marine erosion surfaces with marine terraces found in neighboring areas, it has been possible to relate the 7, 5e, 5c, 5a, and 1 isotopic stages to the Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4, and Qt5 orders respectively and to calculate a mean uplift rate of ~1 mm/yr. On the basis of the above mentioned morphological and geological features a hypothesis of evolutionary model is proposed. Before the upper Pliocene a slow emergence occurred producing, together with arid or semi-arid climate conditions, a landscape probably dominated by areal erosion. During upper Pliocene and lower Pleistocene extensional tectonic structures began to displace the previous landscape, separating the emerging area from a subsiding marine basin. Then the uplift began to affect the subsiding basin too and, during middle-upper Pleistocene and Holocene, the uplift together with climatic/eustatic variations caused the formation and preservation of the terrace sequence.
Sulla base di osservazioni geomorfologiche e sedimentologiche viene proposto un modello dell’evoluzione Plio-Pleistocenica del settore peri-ionico della Calabria settentrionale compreso tra il paese di Corigliano e Capo Trionto. Le caratteristiche morfologiche principali dell’area studiata sono rappresentate da superfici gentilmente ondulate localizzate sulle regioni apicali del Massiccio della Sila, cinque ordini di superfici terrazzate (Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4 e Qt5) presenti sulla porzione degli spartiacque ubicata nella fascia collinare costiera, scarpate strutturali di un sistema di taglio estensionale che, orientato NW-SE, divide il massiccio silano dalla fascia costiera collinare. Nell’area esaminata affiorano, sul versante settentrionale della Sila, graniti e scisti paleozoici, mentre, nella fascia collinare costiera, argille, sabbie e conglomerati depostisi dal Pliocene superiore al Pleistocene inferiore. Il tetto di tali sedimenti è tagliato da una superficie d’erosione su cui poggiano depositi conglomeratico-sabbiosi pleistocenici che costituiscono il corpo delle superfici terrazzate. In base ai caratteri sedimentologici, si ritiene che questi depositi si siano deposti in ambiente di delta-conoide e di piana alluvionale. I cambiamenti climatici ed eustatici hanno provocato cicli di incisione ed aggradazione fluviale ed erosione marina che hanno prodotto morfologie terrazzate, la cui preservazione è avvenuta grazie al sollevamento che interessa l’area. Correlando la superficie di abrasione marina che sottende i depositi di delta-conoide e di piana alluvionale con i terrazzi marini studiati nelle aree limitrofe, è stato possibile riferire gli stadi isotopici 7, 5e, 5c, 5a e 1 ai terrazzi Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4 e Qt5 rispettivamente e calcolare un tasso medio di sollevamento di ~1 mm/anno. Sulla base dei dati raccolti e delle considerazioni fatte è stato possibile ipotizzare il seguente modello evolutivo dell’area. Prima del Pliocene superiore si è verificata la lenta emersione di un rilievo che, in concomitanza con condizioni climatiche aride o semi-aride, origina bassi rilievi e ampie valli. Durante il Pliocene superiore e il Pleistocene inferiore si attiva una tettonica estensionale che divide il rilievo in lenta emersione da un bacino marino in subsidenza. Quindi il sollevamento inizia ad interessare anche il bacino e dal Pleistocene medio variazioni climatiche ed eustatiche unite al sollevamento provocano la formazione e la conservazione dei terrazzi studiati.
Molin, P., Dramis, F., LUPIA PALMIERI, E. (2002). The Pliocene-Quaternaty uplift of the Ionian northern Calabria coastal belt between Corigliano Calabro and Capo Trionto. STUDI GEOLOGICI CAMERTI. VOLUME SPECIALE, 2002, 135-145.
The Pliocene-Quaternaty uplift of the Ionian northern Calabria coastal belt between Corigliano Calabro and Capo Trionto
MOLIN, Paola;
2002-01-01
Abstract
A model of the Plio-Pleistocene evolution of the northern Calabria Peri-ionian sector, between Corigliano and Capo Trionto, is proposed on the basis of morphological and sedimentary analysis. The main morphological features are gently undulated surfaces on the Sila Massif summits, five orders of fluvial terraces (Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4, and Qt5) located in the watersheds of the hilly coastal belt, and structural scarps of a NW-SE trending extensional fault system, which separates the Sila Massif from the hilly coastal belt. The northern slope of the Sila Massif is underlain by outcrops of Paleozoic granite and schist, whereas the coastal belt to the North is underlain by upper Pliocene–lower Pleistocene sand, clay and conglomerate. These sediments are unconformably overlain by middle and upper Pleistocene conglomerate and sand deposits. Sedimentary features suggest that the middle and upper Pleistocene sediments were deposited in a fan–delta and alluvial plain environment. These deposits are associated with five orders of terraces thought to be coincident with climatic/eustatic changes responsible for cyclic occurrence of stream aggradation/incision and marine erosion. Rock uplift and subsequent incision produces the accommodation space to preserve these deposits. Correlating the marine erosion surfaces with marine terraces found in neighboring areas, it has been possible to relate the 7, 5e, 5c, 5a, and 1 isotopic stages to the Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, Qt4, and Qt5 orders respectively and to calculate a mean uplift rate of ~1 mm/yr. On the basis of the above mentioned morphological and geological features a hypothesis of evolutionary model is proposed. Before the upper Pliocene a slow emergence occurred producing, together with arid or semi-arid climate conditions, a landscape probably dominated by areal erosion. During upper Pliocene and lower Pleistocene extensional tectonic structures began to displace the previous landscape, separating the emerging area from a subsiding marine basin. Then the uplift began to affect the subsiding basin too and, during middle-upper Pleistocene and Holocene, the uplift together with climatic/eustatic variations caused the formation and preservation of the terrace sequence.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.