The purpose of the essay is to analyse the mechanisms through which the issue of the schism could emerge in the context of the Papal-Spanish relations at the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when the doctrinal controversies were discussed. After a conceptual and historiographical premise about issues such as the process of construction of the identity of the Spanish Monarchy, strongly linked to the defence of the faith and of the Church of Rome, and the relationship between heresy and schism, the diplomatic exchanges triggered by two doctrinal controversies of great importance and complexity are analyzed, not only from a theological but also from a political point of view: the de auxiliis divinae gratiae dispute and the dogmatic definition of the Immaculate Conception. Through the prism of the diplomatic correspondence produced during those years we will show how the spectre of the schism was occasionally raised by both parties, in functionally opposite ways, as the ultimate materialization of a spirit of autonomy from the Church of Rome which rested its bases on the antiquity and primacy of Spanish Catholicism and also – paradoxically – on the mission of defence of the Church and of orthodoxy of which the Spanish Monarchy was self-invested. Philip III and his most loyal collaborators seem to say that the Church had to be defended by the pope himself and the Roman Curia, unable to define orthodoxy unequivocally. It is in this perspective that the Spaniards conceived of themselves as more papist than the pope.
Scopo del saggio è di analizzare i meccanismi attraverso i quali il tema dello scisma sia potuto affiorare nel contesto dei rapporti ispano-pontifici degli anni a cavallo tra Cinquecento e Seicento, quando la materia di discussione era costituita da dissidi di natura dottrinale. Dopo una messa a punto storiografica e concettuale su questioni come la costruzione identitaria della Monarchia spagnola, fortemente legata alla difesa della fede e della Chiesa di Roma, e il rapporto tra scisma ed eresia, oggetto dello studio saranno gli scambi diplomatici originati da due controversie dottrinali di grande importanza e complessità, non solo teologica ma anche politica: la disputa de auxiliis divinae gratiae e la definizione dogmatica dell’Immacolata Concezione. Attraverso il prisma della corrispondenza diplomatica innescata da tali polemiche si mostrerà come lo spettro dello scisma fosse episodicamente agitato da entrambe le parti, in forme funzionalmente opposte, come massima materializzazione di uno spirito di autonomia dalla Chiesa di Roma che poggiava le sue basi sull’antichità e sulla primazia del cattolicesimo spagnolo e anche, paradossalmente, sulla missione di difesa della Chiesa e dell’ortodossia di cui la Monarchia spagnola si era auto-investita. Filippo III e i suoi più fedeli uomini di governo sembrano affermare che la Chiesa andava difesa dal papa stesso e dalla sua Curia, incapaci di definire in maniera inequivocabile l’ortodossia dottrinale. È in tale prospettiva che gli spagnoli concepirono se stessi come più papisti del papa.
Broggio, P. (2014). Più papisti del papa. Le definizioni dogmatiche e lo spettro dello scisma nei rapporti ispano-pontifici (1594-1625). MÉLANGES DE L'ÉCOLE FRANÇAISE DE ROME. ITALIE ET MÉDITERRANÉE, 126(2).
Più papisti del papa. Le definizioni dogmatiche e lo spettro dello scisma nei rapporti ispano-pontifici (1594-1625)
BROGGIO, Paolo
2014-01-01
Abstract
The purpose of the essay is to analyse the mechanisms through which the issue of the schism could emerge in the context of the Papal-Spanish relations at the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when the doctrinal controversies were discussed. After a conceptual and historiographical premise about issues such as the process of construction of the identity of the Spanish Monarchy, strongly linked to the defence of the faith and of the Church of Rome, and the relationship between heresy and schism, the diplomatic exchanges triggered by two doctrinal controversies of great importance and complexity are analyzed, not only from a theological but also from a political point of view: the de auxiliis divinae gratiae dispute and the dogmatic definition of the Immaculate Conception. Through the prism of the diplomatic correspondence produced during those years we will show how the spectre of the schism was occasionally raised by both parties, in functionally opposite ways, as the ultimate materialization of a spirit of autonomy from the Church of Rome which rested its bases on the antiquity and primacy of Spanish Catholicism and also – paradoxically – on the mission of defence of the Church and of orthodoxy of which the Spanish Monarchy was self-invested. Philip III and his most loyal collaborators seem to say that the Church had to be defended by the pope himself and the Roman Curia, unable to define orthodoxy unequivocally. It is in this perspective that the Spaniards conceived of themselves as more papist than the pope.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.