Among the various topics which Cardano dealt with in his wide-ranging writings was a problem that caused great anxiety in the sixteenth century: witches and the activities they were believed to undertake thanks to a pact with the devil. In his analysis he expressed many doubts as to the reality of this phenomenon, distancing himself from the views of theologians and jurists favourable to the criminal prosecution of witchcraft. Often believed to be superstitious and credulous, the physician and philosopher Cardano in reality took a clear-sighted and shrewd position on the question and did not hesitate to condemn the dangerous confusion between theology and natural philosophy, the credulity of famous thinkers and the cruelty of judges and inquisitors. Refuting errors and false explanations, he sought to identify a series of natural causes capable of explaining facts that appeared to be miraculous: alterations of the imagination due to the prevalence of the melancholy humour; hallucinations and deliriums deriving from environmental or dietary causes: the role of dreams; the deceptions, fears and malevolence of mankind – human passions which were far more terrifying and dangerous than the improbable interventions of demons.
Nei suoi multiformi scritti Cardano non manca di soffermarsi su uno dei problemi più inquietanti del XVI secolo, quello relativo alle streghe e alle loro presunte imprese operate grazie a un patto con il diavolo. Nella sua analisi egli esprime molti dubbi sulla realtà del fenomeno, prendendo le distanze dalle opinioni dei teologi e giuristi favorevoli alla persecuzione del crimine di stregoneria. Spesso considerato superstizioso e credulo, il medico e filosofo Cardano assume in verità una posizione lucida e acuta sulla questione, non esitando a condannare la pericolosa confusione tra teologia e filosofia naturale, la credulità di pensatori insigni, la crudeltà dei giudici e degli inquisitori. Rifiutando errori e false spiegazioni, egli cerca di inviduare una serie di cause naturali in grado di spiegare fatti in appraenza prodigiosi: le alterazioni dell’immaginazione dovute al prevalere dell’umore malinconico; le allucinazioni e i deliri derivanti da cause ambientali e alimentari; il ruolo dei sogni; gli inganni, le paure e la malvagità degli uomini, umane passioni ben più temibili e pericolose di improbabili interventi demonici.
Ernst, E.G. (2006). Cardano e le streghe. BRUNIANA & CAMPANELLIANA, XII, 395-410.
Cardano e le streghe
ERNST, Elisa Germana
2006-01-01
Abstract
Among the various topics which Cardano dealt with in his wide-ranging writings was a problem that caused great anxiety in the sixteenth century: witches and the activities they were believed to undertake thanks to a pact with the devil. In his analysis he expressed many doubts as to the reality of this phenomenon, distancing himself from the views of theologians and jurists favourable to the criminal prosecution of witchcraft. Often believed to be superstitious and credulous, the physician and philosopher Cardano in reality took a clear-sighted and shrewd position on the question and did not hesitate to condemn the dangerous confusion between theology and natural philosophy, the credulity of famous thinkers and the cruelty of judges and inquisitors. Refuting errors and false explanations, he sought to identify a series of natural causes capable of explaining facts that appeared to be miraculous: alterations of the imagination due to the prevalence of the melancholy humour; hallucinations and deliriums deriving from environmental or dietary causes: the role of dreams; the deceptions, fears and malevolence of mankind – human passions which were far more terrifying and dangerous than the improbable interventions of demons.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.