The Author wrote the first section of the book, on Greek Architecture: the first on this topic in Italian, intended primarily for students of History of Architecture. Given the overall extent of the topic, which spans over more than sixteen centuries, and the requirements of university courses, the vast subject was necessarily focused on the broader issues of the development and evolution trough the centuries of the main architectural orders, related especially to the Greek Temple. The discussion begins with the revival of monumental architecture in the Greek world of the tenth century BC and the origins of the architectural orders in the seventh century BC, with due reference to the previous 'heroic' Minoan and Mycenaean ages, until the death of Alexander the Great. The developments and meanings of architecture in the Greek world are illustrated through the analysis of the best preserved monuments and relevant buildings, relating the architectural achievements to the context of the evolution of civil society. Possible influence on later architecture is also taken into account. The book also emphasizes the frequent exchanges with richer and older eastern civilizations, with which Greek poleis have undergone constant comparison. While referring to the most recent discoveries and studies, the A. reports a careful selection of quotations from ancient authors, for a better assimilation of the objective data of the archaeological and architectural sources. Particular attention was drawn to construction projects set by Pericles, whose prestige marked the evolution of monumental architecture through Western History. The essay highlights the innovative trends in the fourth century BC: the monumental features and artistic ornaments in architecture are no longer the expression of the community of a polis - in public spaces as sanctuaries and agorai - but rather reflect the individual claims of the powerful, as in the case of the satraps of Asia Minor, who anticipate the patronage of Hellenistic rulers. The book was reviewed by Stefano Borsi in 'Palladio', NS, 41, 2008, p. 127-128, who among other things writes: "Ortolani’s contribution manages to find a balance between the mass of 'horizontal' data, typical of the great works of synthesis manuals, and in-depth information, as in paragraph “Cumae and the problem of the first Greek settlements in north-central Tyrrhenian coast ... ". TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction, p. 5; I. Origins of Greek Architecture, p. 8; II. Birth and development of the Ionic order, 26; III. The architecture of the Panhellenic sanctuaries, p. 40, IV. The Greeks in the West, p. 52; V. Athens and Classical Architecture, p. 72, VI. Architectural Developments in Peloponnese and Ionia during the 4th century B.C., pp. 103-116.
All’A. è stata affidata la prima parte del volume, destinato innanzitutto agli studenti di Storia dell’Architettura ed ad un pubblico ‘colto’. Viste le dimensioni complessive dell’opera, che tratta un arco cronologico di più di sedici secoli, e le esigenze dei corsi di Storia dell’Architettura Antica e Medievale, il vasto argomento è stato necessariamente focalizzato sui temi più generali dello sviluppo e dell’evoluzione nel tempo delle principali tipologie architettoniche del mondo greco, soprattutto templari. Il periodo trattato inizia dalla rinascita dell’architettura monumentale nel mondo greco del X sec. a.C. e le origini degli ordini architettonici nel VII sec. a.C., con i necessari riferimenti al passato ‘eroico’ dell’età minoica e micenea, fino alla morte di Alessandro Magno. Lo sviluppo e i significati dell’architettura nel mondo greco sono illustrati attraverso la lettura dei più conservati e rilevanti organismi architettonici, collocando le realizzazioni edilizie nel contesto dell’evoluzione della società civile. Si è anche cercato di tener conto degli eventuali influssi sull’architettura delle epoche successive e, soprattutto, de frequenti scambi con le più ricche e antiche civiltà orientali, con le quali il mondo greco ebbe da sempre un costante confronto. Pur facendo riferimento alle più recenti scoperte e studi, l’A. ha riportato un’attenta selezione di citazioni dagli autori antichi, per meglio inquadrare i dati oggettivi dei resti archeologici e architettonici con le testimonianze dirette delle fonti. Particolare attenzione è stata data ai progetti edilizi impostati da Pericle, il cui prestigio segnò l’evoluzione dell’architettura monumentale in Occidente. Nel IV secolo a.C. sono messe in luce le tendenze innovative di un’architettura non più esclusivamente dedicata alla comunità della polis – nei santuari e negli spazi pubblici delle agorà – ma attenta alle esigenze del singolo, in particolare nel caso dei satrapi dell’Asia Minore, che anticipano la committenza dei sovrani ellenistici. Il volume è stato recensito da Stefano Borsi in «Palladio», N.S., 41, 2008, pp. 127-128, che tra l’altro afferma: “il contributo di Ortolani riesce a trovare un equilibrio tra massa di dati ‘orizzontali’, tipica delle opere di grande sintesi manualistica, e momenti di approfondimento anche non banali e scontati, tipo il paragrafo – forzatamente breve – dedicato a Cumae e al problema dei primi insediamenti greci nell’area tirrenica centro-settentrionale …”.
Ortolani, G. (2006). L'architettura greca. In L’architettura del mondo antico (pp. 5-116). ROMA-BARI : Gius. Laterza & Figli.
L'architettura greca
ORTOLANI, GIORGIO
2006-01-01
Abstract
The Author wrote the first section of the book, on Greek Architecture: the first on this topic in Italian, intended primarily for students of History of Architecture. Given the overall extent of the topic, which spans over more than sixteen centuries, and the requirements of university courses, the vast subject was necessarily focused on the broader issues of the development and evolution trough the centuries of the main architectural orders, related especially to the Greek Temple. The discussion begins with the revival of monumental architecture in the Greek world of the tenth century BC and the origins of the architectural orders in the seventh century BC, with due reference to the previous 'heroic' Minoan and Mycenaean ages, until the death of Alexander the Great. The developments and meanings of architecture in the Greek world are illustrated through the analysis of the best preserved monuments and relevant buildings, relating the architectural achievements to the context of the evolution of civil society. Possible influence on later architecture is also taken into account. The book also emphasizes the frequent exchanges with richer and older eastern civilizations, with which Greek poleis have undergone constant comparison. While referring to the most recent discoveries and studies, the A. reports a careful selection of quotations from ancient authors, for a better assimilation of the objective data of the archaeological and architectural sources. Particular attention was drawn to construction projects set by Pericles, whose prestige marked the evolution of monumental architecture through Western History. The essay highlights the innovative trends in the fourth century BC: the monumental features and artistic ornaments in architecture are no longer the expression of the community of a polis - in public spaces as sanctuaries and agorai - but rather reflect the individual claims of the powerful, as in the case of the satraps of Asia Minor, who anticipate the patronage of Hellenistic rulers. The book was reviewed by Stefano Borsi in 'Palladio', NS, 41, 2008, p. 127-128, who among other things writes: "Ortolani’s contribution manages to find a balance between the mass of 'horizontal' data, typical of the great works of synthesis manuals, and in-depth information, as in paragraph “Cumae and the problem of the first Greek settlements in north-central Tyrrhenian coast ... ". TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction, p. 5; I. Origins of Greek Architecture, p. 8; II. Birth and development of the Ionic order, 26; III. The architecture of the Panhellenic sanctuaries, p. 40, IV. The Greeks in the West, p. 52; V. Athens and Classical Architecture, p. 72, VI. Architectural Developments in Peloponnese and Ionia during the 4th century B.C., pp. 103-116.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.