""It is now widely accepted that thyroid hormones, L-thyroxine (T4) and 3,30,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), act. as modulators of the immune response. Immune functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, generation. of reactive oxygen species, and cytokine synthesis and release, are altered in hypo- and hyper-thyroid. conditions, even though for many immune cells no clear correlation has been found between altered levels. of T3 or T4 and effects on the immune responses. Integrins are extracellular matrix proteins that are. important modulators of many cellular responses, and the integrin avb3 has been identified as a cell surface. receptor for thyroid hormones. Rapid signaling via this plasma membrane binding site appears to be. responsible for many nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones, independent of the classic nuclear receptors.. Through the integrin avb3 receptor the hormone can activate both the ERK1\\\/2 and phosphatidylinositol. 3-kinase pathways, with downstream effects including intracellular protein trafficking,. angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. It has recently become clear that an important downstream. target of the thyroid hormone nongenomic pathway may be the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR.. New results demonstrate the capability of T3 or T4 to induce in the short time range important responses. related to the immune function, such as reactive oxygen species production and cell migration in THP-1. monocytes. Thus thyroid hormones seem to be able to modulate the immune system by a combination of. rapid nongenomic responses interacting with the classical nuclear response.. ""
DE VITO, P., Balducci, V., Leone, S., Percario, Z., Mangino, G., Davis, P.j., et al. (2012). Nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones on the immune system cells: new targets, old players. STEROIDS, 77(10), 988-995 [10.1016/j.steroids.2012.02.018].
Nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones on the immune system cells: new targets, old players
AFFABRIS, Elisabetta;INCERPI, Sandra
2012-01-01
Abstract
""It is now widely accepted that thyroid hormones, L-thyroxine (T4) and 3,30,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), act. as modulators of the immune response. Immune functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, generation. of reactive oxygen species, and cytokine synthesis and release, are altered in hypo- and hyper-thyroid. conditions, even though for many immune cells no clear correlation has been found between altered levels. of T3 or T4 and effects on the immune responses. Integrins are extracellular matrix proteins that are. important modulators of many cellular responses, and the integrin avb3 has been identified as a cell surface. receptor for thyroid hormones. Rapid signaling via this plasma membrane binding site appears to be. responsible for many nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones, independent of the classic nuclear receptors.. Through the integrin avb3 receptor the hormone can activate both the ERK1\\\/2 and phosphatidylinositol. 3-kinase pathways, with downstream effects including intracellular protein trafficking,. angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. It has recently become clear that an important downstream. target of the thyroid hormone nongenomic pathway may be the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR.. New results demonstrate the capability of T3 or T4 to induce in the short time range important responses. related to the immune function, such as reactive oxygen species production and cell migration in THP-1. monocytes. Thus thyroid hormones seem to be able to modulate the immune system by a combination of. rapid nongenomic responses interacting with the classical nuclear response.. ""I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
