There is a series of various meanings and intentions which led the foremost masters of Baroque architecture to choose the colour white as the characterising element for certain environments. Bernini choses the monochrome palette for interior spaces destined to the nobility, but more often searches, through the grain and chromatic purity of Roman travertine, the ideal of a “naturalised” architecture, as mimesis of the natural world. Grafted instead with erudite allegorical references, Borromini’s candid architecture does not want to represent an imitative or narrative nature, but rather a convincing allusion to the acting forces, to the dramatic tensions and symbolic meanings that pervade it. A possible synthesis between the two positions is identifiable in the work of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, notwithstanding the evident contextual difference. His obsessive attention to detail and technical solutions recalls Borromini’s methods, whereas his use of colours is closer to Bernini. Only in the case of Farnsworth House did Mies choose a purely white architecture: a deliberate neutralisation of the building elements, with the purpose of ceding the main role to the surrounding nature, thus allowing a visual and ideal fusion with the polychromatic nature of the Illinois forest.
Significati e intenzioni diverse spingono i capofila della cultura barocca alla scelta del bianco come elemento caratterizzante di particolari ambientazioni. Bernini adotta l’opzione monocroma in interni connotati da destinazioni auliche, ma più spesso ricerca, attraverso la grana e la purezza cromatica del travertino romano, l’ideale di una architettura “naturalizzata”, mimesi del mondo naturale. Innestata di eruditi rimandi allegorici, invece, la candida architettura borrominiana vuole rappresentare non una natura imitativa o narrativa, ma una convincente allusione delle forze agenti, delle tensioni drammatiche e dei significati simbolici che la pervadono. Possibile sintesi tra i due atteggiamenti è leggibile nell’opera di Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, pur nella evidente differenza contestuale. La sua attenzione maniacale a dettagli e soluzioni tecniche richiama metodi borrominiani, ma l’uso del colore assimila le sue scelte a obiettivi berniniani. Solo in un cantiere, quello di villa Farnsworth, Mies sceglie per un architettura totalmente bianca: una deliberata neutralizzazione degli elementi costruttivi per lasciare spazio da assoluta protagonista alla natura circostante, a consentire una fusione visiva e ideale con la policromia delle foreste dell’Illinois.
Sturm, S. (2016). Bianco come mimesi, allusione, fusione. Bernini, Borromini ... Mies van der Rohe. OPUS INCERTUM(n.s. 2), 82-93 [10.13128/opus-19685].
Bianco come mimesi, allusione, fusione. Bernini, Borromini ... Mies van der Rohe
STURM, SAVERIO
2016-01-01
Abstract
There is a series of various meanings and intentions which led the foremost masters of Baroque architecture to choose the colour white as the characterising element for certain environments. Bernini choses the monochrome palette for interior spaces destined to the nobility, but more often searches, through the grain and chromatic purity of Roman travertine, the ideal of a “naturalised” architecture, as mimesis of the natural world. Grafted instead with erudite allegorical references, Borromini’s candid architecture does not want to represent an imitative or narrative nature, but rather a convincing allusion to the acting forces, to the dramatic tensions and symbolic meanings that pervade it. A possible synthesis between the two positions is identifiable in the work of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, notwithstanding the evident contextual difference. His obsessive attention to detail and technical solutions recalls Borromini’s methods, whereas his use of colours is closer to Bernini. Only in the case of Farnsworth House did Mies choose a purely white architecture: a deliberate neutralisation of the building elements, with the purpose of ceding the main role to the surrounding nature, thus allowing a visual and ideal fusion with the polychromatic nature of the Illinois forest.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.