In the aftermath of WW1, those working in the Office International des Musées (OIM) to redefine the role of museums – rethinking them as intercultural dialogue and meeting places of the society with its own past – considered the social role of the museum and its conservative mission as part of the same cultural reform. In this scenario the survey conducted in 1932 by the OIM was an opportunity for discussion between members OIM of the League of Nations countries on the figure of ‘restorer of works of art. Aspects such as training courses, regulation of competition were analyzed, taking into account the places methodological, historical, critical, and ethical aspects. The positions that emerge from IOM Archive documents show the intersections between cultural choices and historical-political processes, reveal significant differences in the role attributed to diagnostic and criticism by different national cultures. The analysis of what emerges from these documents provides an opportunity to reflect on some historic trails that shaped the roots of the Italian culture of restoration, allowing one to dwell on Italy’s relationship with the specific routes of international culture. It also gives useful elements to consider, from a historical point of view, the transformation process now in place in the training of restorers of cultural heritage.
Chi all’interno dell’Office International des Musées (OIM), all’indomani della prima guerra mondiale, lavorava alla ridefinizione del ruolo dei musei, ripensandoli come luoghi di dialogo interculturale e di incontro della società presente con il proprio passato, considerava il ruolo sociale del museo e la sua funzione conservativa come parte della stessa riforma culturale. In questo scenario l’inchiesta condotta nel 1932 dall’OIM è stata occasione di confronto tra paesi membri della Società delle Nazioni sulla figura di ‘restauratore di opere d’arte’. Se ne considerano i percorsi formativi, fino ad arrivare alla regolamentazione della concorrenza, valutando aspetti metodologici, critici, etici. Le posizioni che emergono dai documenti dell’Archivio dell’OIM mostrano le intersezioni tra scelte culturali e processi storico-politici, rivelano significative differenze sul ruolo attribuito alla diagnostica e alla critica dalle diverse culture nazionali. L’analisi di quanto emerge da quei documenti offre l’occasione per riflettere su alcuni percorsi storici che hanno costituito le radici dell’attuale cultura italiana del restauro, permette di soffermarsi sul rapporto dell’Italia con gli specifici percorsi della cultura internazionale. Ne emergono elementi utili a considerare da un punto di vista storico i processi di trasformazione ora in atto proprio nell’ambito della formazione dei restauratori di beni culturali.
Cecchini, S. (2016). L’Italia e l’Europa negli anni Trenta : Musei, storia dell’arte, critica e restauro nei documenti dell’inchiesta internazionale sulla formazione dei restauratori (1932). IL CAPITALE CULTURALE, 2016(14), 429-458 [10.13138/2039-2362/1535].
L’Italia e l’Europa negli anni Trenta : Musei, storia dell’arte, critica e restauro nei documenti dell’inchiesta internazionale sulla formazione dei restauratori (1932)
S. Cecchini
2016-01-01
Abstract
In the aftermath of WW1, those working in the Office International des Musées (OIM) to redefine the role of museums – rethinking them as intercultural dialogue and meeting places of the society with its own past – considered the social role of the museum and its conservative mission as part of the same cultural reform. In this scenario the survey conducted in 1932 by the OIM was an opportunity for discussion between members OIM of the League of Nations countries on the figure of ‘restorer of works of art. Aspects such as training courses, regulation of competition were analyzed, taking into account the places methodological, historical, critical, and ethical aspects. The positions that emerge from IOM Archive documents show the intersections between cultural choices and historical-political processes, reveal significant differences in the role attributed to diagnostic and criticism by different national cultures. The analysis of what emerges from these documents provides an opportunity to reflect on some historic trails that shaped the roots of the Italian culture of restoration, allowing one to dwell on Italy’s relationship with the specific routes of international culture. It also gives useful elements to consider, from a historical point of view, the transformation process now in place in the training of restorers of cultural heritage.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.