This article offers a historical and cultural analysis of the so-called ‘Palaiologan Renaissance.’ In the author’s view, the Byzantines found themselves dealing with a profound identity crisis after the Fourth Crusade. Now that the Polis was occupied by foreign invaders for the first time in history, it became urgent for Byzantine people to re-read and reinterpret – at least in part – the tradition that derived from the Holy Scriptures, according to which the Roman Empire’s fall was the first sign of the end of the world. The author argues that the fièvre de classicisme of those scholars calling themselves ‘Hellenes’ in the early Palaiologan era was one of the reactions that the Byzantine ruling class developed to cope with this unprecedented historical turn of events. The Hellenes believed that ancient Graeco-Roman wisdom would allow them to find the correct interpretative key to reality and help them to deal with the issues of the moment more effectively. Finally, the author maintains that the Hellenes used cultural memory in a very different way from the Western humanists: firstly, the Hellenes’ classicism was based on a linear rather than cyclical concept of history; secondly, it did not imply any conflict between different social classes, as was the case in the West.
L’articolo offre un’analisi storica e culturale della cosiddetta “rinascenza paleologa”. Secondo l’autore, i Bizantini si trovarono a fare fronte a una profonda crisi identitaria a seguito della quarta crociata. Poiché la Polis era stata occupata per la prima volta nella storia da degli invasori stranieri, era divenuto urgente per il popolo di Bisanzio rileggere e reinterpretare – almeno parzialmente – la tradizione che derivava dalle Sacre Scritture, secondo cui la caduta dell’impero romano avrebbe rappresentato il primo segno della fine del mondo. L’autore sostiene che la fièvre de classicisme di quegli eruditi che si definivano “Elleni” nella prima età paleologa fu una delle reazioni che la classe dirigente bizantina sviluppò al fine di affrontare questa inedita circostanza storica. Gli Elleni ritenevano che l’antica sapienza greco-romana avrebbe permesso loro di trovare la corretta chiave interpretativa della realtà e dunque di aiutarli ad affrontare più efficacemente le difficoltà contemporanee. In conclusione, l’autore afferma che gli Elleni fecero un uso della memoria culturale ampiamente diverso rispetto agli umanisti occidentali; in primo luogo, il classicismo degli Elleni era fondato su un concetto lineare, anziché ciclico, della storia; in secondo luogo, esso non implicava alcun conflitto fra differenti classi sociali, come invece accadeva in Occidente.
Monticini, F. (2022). A Nostalgic Gaze Towards Antiquity: The So-Called "Palaiologan Renaissance". THE EDGAR WIND JOURNAL, 3, 73-91 [10.53245/EWJ-000017].
A Nostalgic Gaze Towards Antiquity: The So-Called "Palaiologan Renaissance"
Francesco Monticini
2022-01-01
Abstract
This article offers a historical and cultural analysis of the so-called ‘Palaiologan Renaissance.’ In the author’s view, the Byzantines found themselves dealing with a profound identity crisis after the Fourth Crusade. Now that the Polis was occupied by foreign invaders for the first time in history, it became urgent for Byzantine people to re-read and reinterpret – at least in part – the tradition that derived from the Holy Scriptures, according to which the Roman Empire’s fall was the first sign of the end of the world. The author argues that the fièvre de classicisme of those scholars calling themselves ‘Hellenes’ in the early Palaiologan era was one of the reactions that the Byzantine ruling class developed to cope with this unprecedented historical turn of events. The Hellenes believed that ancient Graeco-Roman wisdom would allow them to find the correct interpretative key to reality and help them to deal with the issues of the moment more effectively. Finally, the author maintains that the Hellenes used cultural memory in a very different way from the Western humanists: firstly, the Hellenes’ classicism was based on a linear rather than cyclical concept of history; secondly, it did not imply any conflict between different social classes, as was the case in the West.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.