Scattering center model guided joint fast-and-slow time modulation: theoretical foundations and multiradar-characteristics spoofing

This communication presents the theory and design of a joint fast-and-slow time modulation for space-time-modulated metasurfaces (ST-MTSs) to simultaneously and precisely generate 1-D high-resolution range profile (HRRP), range-Doppler profile, and micro-Doppler signature. The design process is guided via scattering center model of the deceptive target to be reproduced by the stationary metasurface. To achieve such a multiradar-characteristics jamming, fast-time modulation is implemented to generate deceptive HRRPs, whereas extra phase terms are introduced in slow-time domain to compensate for the phase differences between adjacent pulses in the echo caused by the motion and micromotion of the deceptive target. For precise jamming, the scattered electromagnetic (EM) field of a deceptive target is first expressed to derive the radar multicharacteristics with the help of scattering center models. A vector analysis in the complex plane is then employed to synthesize the amplitude–phase reconfigurable reflection coefficients using a 2-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface, further improving the performance of the jamming method. Both numerical simulations and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed jamming method.