The essay offers a systematic reconstruction of the right to criticise as exercised by persons vested with functions of collective representation - workplace union representatives (RSA), unitary workplace representatives (RSU), trade-union officials and Workers’ Safety Representatives -by examining the gradual judicial reworking of the traditional criteria of restraint, truth and relevance. The inquiry demonstrates that the equal standing of the collective actor, far from constituting an “absolute defence”, defines a broader, yet not unlimited, sphere of functional immunity, which nevertheless remains subject to a relational “ethical minimum”. This irreducible core prevents trade-union conflict from degenerating into the symbolic annihilation of the person targeted by criticism, or from becoming a political instrument for casting insinuations upon the employing institution. The most recent case-law confirms a demanding model of collective conflict: one which recognises broad scope for the forceful expression of collective dissent, while requiring such dissent to be grounded in a rationally inferable factual substratum and to respect the safeguards established by the legal order for the protection of human dignity, without lapsing into unfounded insinuation.
Il saggio ricostruisce in chiave sistematica il diritto di critica esercitato da soggetti investiti di funzioni di rappresentanza collettiva – RSA, RSU, dirigenti sindacali e Rappresentanti dei Lavoratori per la Sicurezza – analizzando la progressiva rielaborazione giurisprudenziale dei tradizionali canoni di continenza, verità e pertinenza. L’indagine dimostra come la posizione paritetica del soggetto collettivo, lungi dal configurare una “scriminante assoluta”, delinei un’area di immunità funzionale ampliata ma non illimitata, comunque assoggettata a un “minimo etico” relazionale. Tale nucleo inderogabile impedisce che il conflitto sindacale degeneri nell’annientamento simbolico della persona oggetto di critica o diventi strumento politico di illazione sull’istituzione datoriale. L’elaborazione giurisprudenziale più recente conferma un modello di conflitto collettivo “esigente”, che riconosce ampi margini di incisività al dissenso collettivo, ma esige che esso sia ancorato a un substrato fattuale razionalmente desumibile e rispettoso dei presidi posti dall’ordinamento a tutela della dignità umana, senza trascendere nell’illazione infondata.
Lamberti, F. (2026). Dialettica collettiva e minimo etico relazionale: la scriminante sindacale (non assoluta) del diritto di critica. LAVORO E PREVIDENZA OGGI(7-8), 567-585.
Dialettica collettiva e minimo etico relazionale: la scriminante sindacale (non assoluta) del diritto di critica
Lamberti Fabiola
2026-01-01
Abstract
The essay offers a systematic reconstruction of the right to criticise as exercised by persons vested with functions of collective representation - workplace union representatives (RSA), unitary workplace representatives (RSU), trade-union officials and Workers’ Safety Representatives -by examining the gradual judicial reworking of the traditional criteria of restraint, truth and relevance. The inquiry demonstrates that the equal standing of the collective actor, far from constituting an “absolute defence”, defines a broader, yet not unlimited, sphere of functional immunity, which nevertheless remains subject to a relational “ethical minimum”. This irreducible core prevents trade-union conflict from degenerating into the symbolic annihilation of the person targeted by criticism, or from becoming a political instrument for casting insinuations upon the employing institution. The most recent case-law confirms a demanding model of collective conflict: one which recognises broad scope for the forceful expression of collective dissent, while requiring such dissent to be grounded in a rationally inferable factual substratum and to respect the safeguards established by the legal order for the protection of human dignity, without lapsing into unfounded insinuation.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


