“Structures of light”. Structural morphologies as devices for capturing light

The paper looks at the principles of architectural composition as an analytical distinction of parts, the idea of the structural fragment, the use of open forms and serial repetition, implemented in modern and contemporary architecture. Given the possibilities of reinforced concrete structures, light penetrates into the building through structural frames and shapes the negative-space of the load-bearing form (pattern of light). Moreover, a gap between enclosure and roofing system, a break in the wall, or rather a disconnection at the angle in a masonry structure, become powerful sources of light. The tectonic body shifts from being the robust part of the structure to a hiatus of light. Goals, criteria, and methods of analysis of the case studies: In these monumental building, light is a former designing tool. By analyzing thirty of the most important twentieth-century projects, the process of spatial design shows the importance of structural form in accordance with natural lighting, which we maintain it should be included in a contemporary approach to architectural design. The structure bears the loads and creates "machines for capturing the light" at once. Partialized designs have been drawn and modeled with 3d printing technology, and finally studied their behavior in different lighting conditions. - Matching separate structures: Hurva Synagogue L. I. Kahn, Casa della scherma by L. Moretti, Nelson-Atkins Museum by S. Holl. - Gaps between structural series: Kimbell Museum by L. I. Kahn, Padiglione Italia competition entry by F. Venezia, Museum of Architecture in Lisbon by Aires Mateus. - Tectonic hiatus: Hepworth gallery by D. Chipperfield, Palazzo dell’acqua e della luce by Albini and Gardella.